The four methods
Forward DCF projects EPS at a growth rate (5-year CAGR, falling back to 3-year, analyst-implied, then a conservative default) and discounts it to today. Exit multiple applies a normalized forward P/E to forward EPS and discounts one year. Analyst target uses the published 12-month Wall Street consensus. The Graham number is √(22.5 × EPS × book value per share).
Range, headline & margin of safety
The methods produce a spread; the headline intrinsic value anchors on the forward DCF. Margin of safety is (fair value − price) ÷ fair value × 100. A method is skipped gracefully when its inputs are missing rather than guessed.
Cross-company ranking
The cheapest-by-margin-of-safety discovery board ranks names by the analyst-target method — the one method reconstructable across every covered ticker from stored data — comparing the price-target consensus to the latest dividend-adjusted close. The full multi-method fair value remains available per company on its fair-value page.
Related
Plain-English version: fair value methodology explained and margin of safety. Browse the margin-of-safety board.