What is a profit bridge?

A profit bridge (also called a waterfall bridge or PoP reconciliation) decomposes the period-over-period change in net income into its drivers — revenue, cost of goods sold, operating expenses, other income/expense, and taxes. Each bar shows the signed contribution of that line item to the total change, and the bars sum exactly to the period-over-period net income change.

How does the bridge reconciliation identity work?

The identity is: Prior Net Income + Σ(drivers) = Current Net Income. Each driver equals the signed change in that income-statement line weighted by its economic sign: revenue increases add to net income, cost increases subtract from it. A small "Other Items" residual absorbs minority interest, discontinued operations, and rounding, so the identity holds exactly.

How is the prior period selected?

For TTM, the prior period is the trailing twelve months ending one year earlier. For fiscal years, the prior period is the immediately preceding fiscal year. For quarters, the prior period is the same quarter one year earlier (year-over-year). Periods without a comparable prior are excluded from the bridge period dropdown, so the chart is always available for the selected period.

What does "NI up while Revenue down" mean on the bridge?

When net income rises despite lower revenue, the cost drivers explain the gap: the company reduced costs (COGS, operating expenses, or taxes) by more than revenues fell. The bridge makes this visible — positive bars from cost reductions outweigh the negative bar from the revenue decline. This pattern is common during restructuring, margin-expansion initiatives, or mix shifts toward higher-margin products.

FX caveat: what does the USD toggle show for non-USD reporters?

In USD mode, each line item is converted using the period-average exchange rate for its respective period. This means the revenue and cost drivers commingle the FX translation effect with underlying operating changes — a revenue increase in USD mode for a non-USD reporter may partly reflect a weaker reporting currency rather than higher unit volumes. For FX-neutral analysis, use the reported-currency view.

What are "Other Items" on the bridge?

The "Other Items" residual step absorbs the difference between the sum of the modelled drivers (revenue, COGS, operating expenses, other income/expense, taxes) and the reported change in net income. This residual is typically small (< 1% of net income) and arises from minority interest, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, or rounding in reported figures. When it is material, it signals that one or more line items falls outside the standard income-statement categories.

Globe Life Inc. 4.25% Junior Su (GL-PD) Profit Bridge

Reconcile Globe Life Inc. 4.25% Junior Su's net income change period-over-period — see which line items drove the profit movement and by how much.

Bridge data is not yet available for Globe Life Inc. 4.25% Junior Su (GL-PD). A comparable prior period is needed to build the profit bridge — this typically means we need at least one fiscal year or quarter with data from the preceding year. For recent IPOs or companies with limited history, bridge data appears as additional periods accumulate.