What is an income statement waterfall?

An income statement waterfall is a bar chart that walks from total revenue down to net income, with each step showing how much a cost or tax line removes (or adds). Subtotals — gross profit, operating income, pre-tax income — are anchored to zero so the cascade reconciles exactly to the bottom line.

How much of Duolingo (DUOL) revenue becomes net income?

For TTM through Q1 2026, Duolingo turned $1.10B of revenue into $422.39M of net income — a net margin of 38.4%. The waterfall shows where the rest goes: cost of revenue, operating expenses, non-operating items, and taxes.

What are Duolingo (DUOL) gross, operating, and net margins?

For TTM through Q1 2026, Duolingo reported a gross margin of 72.1%, an operating margin of 14.8%, and a net margin of 38.4%. Each subtotal in the waterfall corresponds to one of these margins.

Why does Duolingo (DUOL) have such a high (or low) gross margin?

Gross margin (gross profit ÷ revenue) reflects how much of each revenue dollar remains after direct production costs. Capital-light software and platform businesses often show gross margins above 60–80% because their cost of revenue is mainly hosting and support. Hardware, retail, and commodity businesses show lower gross margins because raw materials and manufacturing costs are significant. The waterfall makes this visible at a glance — the size of the "Cost of Revenue" bar relative to Revenue is the gross margin complement.

What is the difference between gross, operating, and net margin?

Gross margin = (Revenue − Cost of Revenue) ÷ Revenue. It measures production efficiency. Operating margin = Operating Income ÷ Revenue. It adds operating expenses (R&D, S&M, G&A) and measures the profitability of core operations. Net margin = Net Income ÷ Revenue. It also includes interest, other income/expense, and taxes, and represents the shareholder take after everything.

Duolingo (DUOL) Income Statement Waterfall

Revenue

$1.10B

Gross Margin

+72.1%

Operating Margin

+14.8%

Net Margin

+38.4%

Income statement waterfall for Duolingo (DUOL) — TTM through Q1 2026

Net income: $422.39M

Margin breakdown for Duolingo (DUOL) — TTM through Q1 2026

Line item	Amount	Running total
Revenue	$1.10B	$1.10B
Cost of Revenue	−$306.13M	$792.69M
Gross Profit	$792.69M	$792.69M
Operating Expenses	−$630.27M	$162.41M
Operating Income	$162.41M	$162.41M
Other Income / Expense	$40.54M	$202.95M
Pre-tax Income	$202.95M	$202.95M
Tax Benefit	$219.44M	$422.39M
Net Income	$422.39M	$422.39M

Revenue$1.10B
Cost of Revenue−$306.13M
Gross Profit$792.69M
Operating Expenses−$630.27M
Operating Income$162.41M
Other Income / Expense$40.54M
Pre-tax Income$202.95M
Tax Benefit$219.44M
Net Income$422.39M

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Buybacks0.53% TTM

No dividends or stock splits on record for this company.

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Income statement waterfall for Duolingo (DUOL) — TTM through Q1 2026

Margin breakdown for Duolingo (DUOL) — TTM through Q1 2026

Frequently asked questions

+What is an income statement waterfall?

+How much of Duolingo (DUOL) revenue becomes net income?

+What are Duolingo (DUOL) gross, operating, and net margins?

+Why does Duolingo (DUOL) have such a high (or low) gross margin?

+What is the difference between gross, operating, and net margin?

Data & methodology

+What is this view?

+How to read this waterfall

+How is the data calculated?

+What is the USD toggle?

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