What is an income statement waterfall?

An income statement waterfall is a bar chart that walks from total revenue down to net income, with each step showing how much a cost or tax line removes (or adds). Subtotals — gross profit, operating income, pre-tax income — are anchored to zero so the cascade reconciles exactly to the bottom line.

How much of EPAM Systems (EPAM) revenue becomes net income?

For TTM through Q1 2026, EPAM Systems turned $5.56B of revenue into $387M of net income — a net margin of 7%. The waterfall shows where the rest goes: cost of revenue, operating expenses, non-operating items, and taxes.

What are EPAM Systems (EPAM) gross, operating, and net margins?

For TTM through Q1 2026, EPAM Systems reported a gross margin of 27.9%, an operating margin of 9.9%, and a net margin of 7%. Each subtotal in the waterfall corresponds to one of these margins.

Why does EPAM Systems (EPAM) have such a high (or low) gross margin?

Gross margin (gross profit ÷ revenue) reflects how much of each revenue dollar remains after direct production costs. Capital-light software and platform businesses often show gross margins above 60–80% because their cost of revenue is mainly hosting and support. Hardware, retail, and commodity businesses show lower gross margins because raw materials and manufacturing costs are significant. The waterfall makes this visible at a glance — the size of the "Cost of Revenue" bar relative to Revenue is the gross margin complement.

What is the difference between gross, operating, and net margin?

Gross margin = (Revenue − Cost of Revenue) ÷ Revenue. It measures production efficiency. Operating margin = Operating Income ÷ Revenue. It adds operating expenses (R&D, S&M, G&A) and measures the profitability of core operations. Net margin = Net Income ÷ Revenue. It also includes interest, other income/expense, and taxes, and represents the shareholder take after everything.

EPAM Systems (EPAM) Income Statement Waterfall

Revenue

$5.56B

Gross Margin

+27.9%

Operating Margin

+9.9%

Net Margin

+7.0%

Income statement waterfall for EPAM Systems (EPAM) — TTM through Q1 2026

Net income: $387M

Margin breakdown for EPAM Systems (EPAM) — TTM through Q1 2026

Line item	Amount	Running total
Revenue	$5.56B	$5.56B
Cost of Revenue	-$4.01B	$1.55B
Gross Profit	$1.55B	$1.55B
Operating Expenses	-$1B	$550M
Operating Income	$550M	$550M
Other Income / Expense	-$18.5M	$532M
Pre-tax Income	$532M	$532M
Income Tax	-$145M	$387M
Net Income	$387M	$387M

Revenue$5.56B
Cost of Revenue-$4.01B
Gross Profit$1.55B
Operating Expenses-$1B
Operating Income$550M
Other Income / Expense-$18.5M
Pre-tax Income$532M
Income Tax-$145M
Net Income$387M

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