What is an income statement waterfall?

An income statement waterfall is a bar chart that walks from total revenue down to net income, with each step showing how much a cost or tax line removes (or adds). Subtotals — gross profit, operating income, pre-tax income — are anchored to zero so the cascade reconciles exactly to the bottom line.

How much of Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) revenue becomes net income?

For TTM through Q1 2026, Hartford Insurance Group turned $28.8B of revenue into $4.06B of net income — a net margin of 14.1%. The waterfall shows where the rest goes: cost of revenue, operating expenses, non-operating items, and taxes.

What are Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) gross, operating, and net margins?

For TTM through Q1 2026, Hartford Insurance Group reported a gross margin of 47%, an operating margin of 17.5%, and a net margin of 14.1%. Each subtotal in the waterfall corresponds to one of these margins.

Why does Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) have such a high (or low) gross margin?

Gross margin (gross profit ÷ revenue) reflects how much of each revenue dollar remains after direct production costs. Capital-light software and platform businesses often show gross margins above 60–80% because their cost of revenue is mainly hosting and support. Hardware, retail, and commodity businesses show lower gross margins because raw materials and manufacturing costs are significant. The waterfall makes this visible at a glance — the size of the "Cost of Revenue" bar relative to Revenue is the gross margin complement.

What is the difference between gross, operating, and net margin?

Gross margin = (Revenue − Cost of Revenue) ÷ Revenue. It measures production efficiency. Operating margin = Operating Income ÷ Revenue. It adds operating expenses (R&D, S&M, G&A) and measures the profitability of core operations. Net margin = Net Income ÷ Revenue. It also includes interest, other income/expense, and taxes, and represents the shareholder take after everything.

Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) Income Statement Waterfall

Revenue

$28.8B

Gross Margin

+47.0%

Operating Margin

+17.5%

Net Margin

+14.1%

Income statement waterfall for Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) — TTM through Q1 2026

Net income: $4.06B

Margin breakdown for Hartford Insurance Group (HIG) — TTM through Q1 2026

Line item	Amount	Running total
Revenue	$28.8B	$28.8B
Cost of Revenue	-$15.2B	$13.5B
Gross Profit	$13.5B	$13.5B
Operating Expenses	-$8.49B	$5.03B
Operating Income	$5.03B	$5.03B
Pre-tax Income	$5.03B	$5.03B
Income Tax	-$972M	$4.06B
Net Income	$4.06B	$4.06B

Revenue$28.8B
Cost of Revenue-$15.2B
Gross Profit$13.5B
Operating Expenses-$8.49B
Operating Income$5.03B
Pre-tax Income$5.03B
Income Tax-$972M
Net Income$4.06B

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